〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う
ni tomonatte / ni tomonai / ni tomonau
By Nihongo PathUpdated
Meaning
along with, accompanying, as a result of (a change)
〜に伴って means "along with X" where X is a large change or event and Y happens together with it or as its consequence: 高齢化に伴って医療費が増える. It links two developments of some scale. The noun-modifying form 〜に伴う + N means "the Y that accompanies X" (台風に伴う大雨).
Formal written and spoken Japanese: news, reports, business notices (会社の移転に伴い). It is not used for small personal matters. In conversation people say 〜と一緒に or 〜につれて / 〜ので.
Formation
V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
Noun (change / event) + に伴って / に伴いVerb (dictionary form) + に伴って (人口が増えるに伴って)Noun + に伴う + Noun (台風に伴う大雨)Typical nouns: 高齢化・発展・移転・変更・導入・成長
Visual diagram
| Aspect | 〜に伴って | 〜につれて | 〜に従って |
|---|---|---|---|
| Core idea | Y accompanies or results from a change X | as X gradually changes, Y changes too | as X changes, Y follows; also 'in accordance with rules' |
| Scale | large-scale, social, official | gradual, often personal | gradual or rule-based |
| Before a noun | に伴う + N | not possible | not possible |
| Example | 移転に伴い住所が変わった | 年を取るにつれて忘れっぽくなる | 指示に従って動く |
Natural examples
高齢化に伴って、医療費が増加している。
こうれいかにともなって、いりょうひがぞうかしている。
Along with the aging of society, medical costs are increasing.
A social change and its consequence; typical news sentence.
会社の移転に伴い、住所が変わりました。
かいしゃのいてんにともない、じゅうしょがかわりました。
With the relocation of the company, our address has changed.
A single event (relocation) and what came with it; に伴い is the written form.
台風に伴う大雨に注意してください。
たいふうにともなうおおあめにちゅういしてください。
Please be careful of heavy rain accompanying the typhoon.
に伴う + noun: rain accompanying the typhoon.
経済の発展に伴って、環境問題も深刻になってきた。
けいざいのはってんにともなって、かんきょうもんだいもしんこくになってきた。
Along with economic development, environmental problems have also become serious.
Two large-scale developments linked.
システムの変更に伴い、一時的にサービスを停止いたします。
システムのへんこうにともない、いちじてきにサービスをていしいたします。
Due to a system change, the service will be temporarily suspended.
Business notice; に伴い gives the accompanying reason.
Similar grammar and the difference
Gradual, parallel change, often personal or natural; cannot modify a noun. Compare side by side
Similar gradual change, or obeying rules and instructions. Compare side by side
〜とともに
"Together with / as": overlaps with に伴って, and also means "along with (a person)".
"Because of / by means of": cause without the sense of accompanying change. Compare side by side
Common mistakes
- ✗
- 年を取るに伴って、白髪が増えた。
- ✓
- 年を取るにつれて、白髪が増えた。
- Why
- Personal, gradual change is につれて; に伴って sounds bureaucratic here.
- ✗
- 台風に伴って大雨
- ✓
- 台風に伴う大雨
- Why
- Before a noun use に伴う.
- ✗
- 彼が来るに伴って、パーティーが始まった。
- ✓
- 彼が来るとともに / 彼が来ると、パーティーが始まった。
- Why
- に伴って needs a change or event of some scale, not a small personal action.
Often heard in announcements: 〜に伴い、〜いたします. に伴う + noun is productive: リスクに伴う, 成長に伴う痛み. The pair is usually cause → consequence, but に伴って does not claim direct causation as strongly as ので.
JLPT N2 tips
On the exam
- If the first noun is a social or organizational change (高齢化, 移転, 導入) and the second is its consequence, choose に伴って.
- Before a noun, choose に伴う; に伴って before a noun is a common wrong option.
- Distinguish from につれて by scale and by the noun-modifying test.
Frequently asked questions
What does 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う mean?
along with, accompanying, as a result of (a change). 〜に伴って means "along with X" where X is a large change or event and Y happens together with it or as its consequence: 高齢化に伴って医療費が増える. It links two developments of some scale. The noun-modifying form 〜に伴う + N means "the Y that accompanies X" (台風に伴う大雨).
How do you form 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う?
Noun (change / event) + に伴って / に伴い / Verb (dictionary form) + に伴って (人口が増えるに伴って) / Noun + に伴う + Noun (台風に伴う大雨) / Typical nouns: 高齢化・発展・移転・変更・導入・成長. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
When is 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う used?
Formal written and spoken Japanese: news, reports, business notices (会社の移転に伴い). It is not used for small personal matters. In conversation people say 〜と一緒に or 〜につれて / 〜ので.
What is the difference between 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う and 〜につれて?
Gradual, parallel change, often personal or natural; cannot modify a noun.
What is the difference between 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う and 〜に従って?
Similar gradual change, or obeying rules and instructions.
What is a common mistake with 〜に伴って / 〜に伴い / 〜に伴う?
Wrong: 年を取るに伴って、白髪が増えた。 Right: 年を取るにつれて、白髪が増えた。 Personal, gradual change is につれて; に伴って sounds bureaucratic here.
Quick check
人口の増加（ ）、住宅不足が深刻になっている。