〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち
ni sakidatte / ni sakidachi
By Nihongo PathUpdated
Meaning
prior to, in advance of, ahead of (a major event)
〜に先立って means "before X, as preparation for it". X is an important event (opening, departure, construction, a match), and the action before it is something done in advance: an announcement, a check, a ceremony. It is more formal than 〜前に and implies that the earlier action is a deliberate preliminary step.
News, announcements, business documents: 開店に先立ち / 工事に先立って. The noun-modifying form に先立つ + N (に先立つ説明会) appears in headlines. In conversation people simply say 〜の前に.
Formation
V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
Noun (event) + に先立って / に先立ちVerb (dictionary form) + に先立って (出発するに先立って)Noun + に先立つ + Noun (工事に先立つ説明会)Typical events: 開店・開催・出発・工事・発売・会議
Visual diagram
- Step 1開店する前に、セールが行われるbefore opening, a sale is held (plain)
- Step 2開店に先立って、記念セールが行われるahead of the opening, a commemorative sale is held (formal, a planned preliminary)
- Step 3開店に先立つ記念セールthe commemorative sale preceding the opening (noun-modifying)
Natural examples
開店に先立って、記念セールが行われる。
かいてんにさきだって、きねんセールがおこなわれる。
Prior to the store opening, a commemorative sale will be held.
A commemorative sale scheduled ahead of the opening: a planned preliminary.
出発に先立ち、荷物の確認をした。
しゅっぱつにさきだち、にもつのかくにんをした。
Before departure, I checked the luggage.
に先立ち: written variant; checking luggage is preparation for departure.
工事に先立つ説明会が開かれた。
こうじにさきだつせつめいかいがひらかれた。
An information session was held ahead of the construction.
に先立つ + noun: an information session preceding construction.
試合に先立って、両チームの選手が握手を交わした。
しあいにさきだって、りょうチームのせんしゅがあくしゅをかわした。
Before the match, the players of both teams shook hands.
A ceremonial act that precedes the main event.
新製品を発売するに先立ち、モニター調査を実施した。
しんせいひんをはつばいするにさきだち、モニターちょうさをじっしした。
Prior to releasing the new product, we conducted a monitor survey.
Dictionary-form verb + に先立ち in business writing.
Similar grammar and the difference
〜前に
Neutral "before"; usable for anything. に先立って implies a formal preliminary to a major event.
"At the time of" the event itself, not before it. Compare side by side
"Along with / as a consequence of": the second thing happens together with or after the first. Compare side by side
Common mistakes
- ✗
- 寝るに先立って、歯を磨く。
- ✓
- 寝る前に、歯を磨く。
- Why
- Daily routines are too trivial for に先立って; use 前に.
- ✗
- 開店したに先立って、セールを行った。
- ✓
- 開店に先立って、セールを行った。
- Why
- Use the noun or the dictionary form; never the past form.
- ✗
- 工事に先立ってお知らせ (as a heading)
- ✓
- 工事に先立つお知らせ / 工事に先立ってのお知らせ
- Why
- Before a noun use に先立つ (or に先立っての).
The following clause is usually preparation, notice, or ceremony: 説明会, 準備, 確認, 発表. に先立ち is the written or news form; に先立って is fine in formal speech. 先立つ also appears in the idiom 先立つもの (money needed first).
JLPT N2 tips
On the exam
- If the sentence describes a preparatory step before a formal event, に先立って fits; if the action happens at the event itself, に際して fits.
- Verb form check: dictionary form only.
- In 並べ替え, に先立つ + noun is a single chunk.
Frequently asked questions
What does 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち mean?
prior to, in advance of, ahead of (a major event). 〜に先立って means "before X, as preparation for it". X is an important event (opening, departure, construction, a match), and the action before it is something done in advance: an announcement, a check, a ceremony. It is more formal than 〜前に and implies that the earlier action is a deliberate preliminary step.
How do you form 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち?
Noun (event) + に先立って / に先立ち / Verb (dictionary form) + に先立って (出発するに先立って) / Noun + に先立つ + Noun (工事に先立つ説明会) / Typical events: 開店・開催・出発・工事・発売・会議. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.
When is 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち used?
News, announcements, business documents: 開店に先立ち / 工事に先立って. The noun-modifying form に先立つ + N (に先立つ説明会) appears in headlines. In conversation people simply say 〜の前に.
What is the difference between 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち and 〜前に?
Neutral "before"; usable for anything. に先立って implies a formal preliminary to a major event.
What is the difference between 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち and 〜に際して?
"At the time of" the event itself, not before it.
What is a common mistake with 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち?
Wrong: 寝るに先立って、歯を磨く。 Right: 寝る前に、歯を磨く。 Daily routines are too trivial for に先立って; use 前に.
Quick check
コンサート( )、会場の安全確認が行われた。