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道Nihongo Path

Lesson 84 of 156

〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち

ni sakidatte / ni sakidachi

By Nihongo PathUpdated

Meaning

prior to, in advance of, ahead of (a major event)

〜に先立って means "before X, as preparation for it". X is an important event (opening, departure, construction, a match), and the action before it is something done in advance: an announcement, a check, a ceremony. It is more formal than 〜前に and implies that the earlier action is a deliberate preliminary step.

News, announcements, business documents: 開店に先立ち / 工事に先立って. The noun-modifying form に先立つ + N (に先立つ説明会) appears in headlines. In conversation people simply say 〜の前に.

Formation

V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

  • Noun (event) + に先立って / に先立ち
  • Verb (dictionary form) + に先立って (出発するに先立って)
  • Noun + に先立つ + Noun (工事に先立つ説明会)
  • Typical events: 開店・開催・出発・工事・発売・会議

Visual diagram

  1. Step 1開店する前に、セールが行われるbefore opening, a sale is held (plain)
  2. Step 2開店に先立って、記念セールが行われるahead of the opening, a commemorative sale is held (formal, a planned preliminary)
  3. Step 3開店に先立つ記念セールthe commemorative sale preceding the opening (noun-modifying)

Natural examples

  1. 開店に先立って、記念セールが行われる。

    かいてんにさきだって、きねんセールがおこなわれる。

    Prior to the store opening, a commemorative sale will be held.

    A commemorative sale scheduled ahead of the opening: a planned preliminary.

  2. 出発に先立ち、荷物の確認をした。

    しゅっぱつにさきだち、にもつのかくにんをした。

    Before departure, I checked the luggage.

    に先立ち: written variant; checking luggage is preparation for departure.

  3. 工事に先立つ説明会が開かれた。

    こうじにさきだつせつめいかいがひらかれた。

    An information session was held ahead of the construction.

    に先立つ + noun: an information session preceding construction.

  4. 試合に先立って、両チームの選手が握手を交わした。

    しあいにさきだって、りょうチームのせんしゅがあくしゅをかわした。

    Before the match, the players of both teams shook hands.

    A ceremonial act that precedes the main event.

  5. 新製品を発売するに先立ち、モニター調査を実施した。

    しんせいひんをはつばいするにさきだち、モニターちょうさをじっしした。

    Prior to releasing the new product, we conducted a monitor survey.

    Dictionary-form verb + に先立ち in business writing.

Similar grammar and the difference

Common mistakes

  • ✗
    寝るに先立って、歯を磨く。
    ✓
    寝る前に、歯を磨く。
    Why
    Daily routines are too trivial for に先立って; use 前に.
  • ✗
    開店したに先立って、セールを行った。
    ✓
    開店に先立って、セールを行った。
    Why
    Use the noun or the dictionary form; never the past form.
  • ✗
    工事に先立ってお知らせ (as a heading)
    ✓
    工事に先立つお知らせ / 工事に先立ってのお知らせ
    Why
    Before a noun use に先立つ (or に先立っての).

The following clause is usually preparation, notice, or ceremony: 説明会, 準備, 確認, 発表. に先立ち is the written or news form; に先立って is fine in formal speech. 先立つ also appears in the idiom 先立つもの (money needed first).

JLPT N2 tips

On the exam

  • If the sentence describes a preparatory step before a formal event, に先立って fits; if the action happens at the event itself, に際して fits.
  • Verb form check: dictionary form only.
  • In 並べ替え, に先立つ + noun is a single chunk.

Frequently asked questions

What does 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち mean?

prior to, in advance of, ahead of (a major event). 〜に先立って means "before X, as preparation for it". X is an important event (opening, departure, construction, a match), and the action before it is something done in advance: an announcement, a check, a ceremony. It is more formal than 〜前に and implies that the earlier action is a deliberate preliminary step.

How do you form 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち?

Noun (event) + に先立って / に先立ち / Verb (dictionary form) + に先立って (出発するに先立って) / Noun + に先立つ + Noun (工事に先立つ説明会) / Typical events: 開店・開催・出発・工事・発売・会議. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

When is 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち used?

News, announcements, business documents: 開店に先立ち / 工事に先立って. The noun-modifying form に先立つ + N (に先立つ説明会) appears in headlines. In conversation people simply say 〜の前に.

What is the difference between 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち and 〜前に?

Neutral "before"; usable for anything. に先立って implies a formal preliminary to a major event.

What is the difference between 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち and 〜に際して?

"At the time of" the event itself, not before it.

What is a common mistake with 〜に先立って / 〜に先立ち?

Wrong: 寝るに先立って、歯を磨く。 Right: 寝る前に、歯を磨く。 Daily routines are too trivial for に先立って; use 前に.

Quick check

1 / 5Multiple choiceDifficulty 3 of 5

コンサート(  )、会場の安全確認が行われた。