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Lesson 23 of 156

〜かねない

-kanenai

By Nihongo PathUpdated

Meaning

might well ..., could easily (something bad)

〜かねない means "might well…, could easily (do something bad)". It warns that an undesirable outcome is quite possible: work like that and you could get sick; knowing him, he might even say that.

Both registers, with a slightly formal feel in writing. Only for bad outcomes and always with the speaker's negative judgment. It attaches to the Vます stem (なりかねない, 起こしかねない, 言いかねない). The positive-looking 〜かねる is a separate pattern meaning "cannot".

Formation

V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

  • Vます + かねない

Visual diagram

かねる vs かねない
AspectMeaningExample
〜かねるcannot (politely)お答えしかねます (I'm unable to answer)
〜かねないmight well (bad)事故を起こしかねない (could cause an accident)

Natural examples

  1. そんなに働いたら、病気になりかねない。

    そんなにはたらいたら、びょうきになりかねない。

    If you work that hard, you could well get sick.

    A warning to the listener.

  2. 彼なら、そんなことも言いかねない。

    かれなら、そんなこともいいかねない。

    Knowing him, he might even say something like that.

    A judgment about a person's character.

  3. 不注意な運転は事故を起こしかねない。

    ふちゅういなうんてんはじこをおこしかねない。

    Careless driving can easily cause an accident.

    A general statement about risk.

  4. この不況が続けば、会社は倒産しかねない。

    このふきょうがつづけば、かいしゃはとうさんしかねない。

    If this recession continues, the company could well go bankrupt.

    Conditional + かねない.

  5. そんな発言は誤解を招きかねませんよ。

    そんなはつげんはごかいをまねきかねませんよ。

    A remark like that could easily invite misunderstanding.

    Polite form かねません.

Similar grammar and the difference

Common mistakes

  • ✗
    頑張れば合格しかねない。
    ✓
    頑張れば合格するかもしれない。
    Why
    かねない is only for undesirable outcomes.
  • ✗
    事故を起こすかねない。
    ✓
    事故を起こしかねない。
    Why
    Attach to the Vます stem.
  • ✗
    お答えしかねない。(intending "I cannot answer")
    ✓
    お答えしかねる。/ お答えしかねます。
    Why
    かねない means "might well"; "cannot" is かねる.

Frequent verbs: なりかねない, 起こしかねない, 招きかねない, 言いかねない, やりかねない. Often preceded by a conditional (〜ば・〜たら・〜と) or by 〜なら about a person. Because it is a warning, the polite かねません is common in business advice.

JLPT N2 tips

On the exam

  • Bad outcome + speaker's worry + Vます stem → かねない.
  • The classic trap is かねる/かねない; test the meaning: "might do (bad)" vs "cannot".
  • Other distractors: 恐れがある (needs Vる), 得ない ("cannot possibly"), which is the opposite of かねない.

Frequently asked questions

What does 〜かねない mean?

might well ..., could easily (something bad). 〜かねない means "might well…, could easily (do something bad)". It warns that an undesirable outcome is quite possible: work like that and you could get sick; knowing him, he might even say that.

How do you form 〜かねない?

Vます + かねない. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

When is 〜かねない used?

Both registers, with a slightly formal feel in writing. Only for bad outcomes and always with the speaker's negative judgment. It attaches to the Vます stem (なりかねない, 起こしかねない, 言いかねない). The positive-looking 〜かねる is a separate pattern meaning "cannot".

What is the difference between 〜かねない and 〜恐れがある?

Objective, formal warning; かねない carries the speaker's personal worry.

What is the difference between 〜かねない and 〜かねる?

Looks positive but means "cannot". The two are direct opposites in form and meaning.

What is a common mistake with 〜かねない?

Wrong: 頑張れば合格しかねない。 Right: 頑張れば合格するかもしれない。 かねない is only for undesirable outcomes.

Quick check

1 / 5Multiple choiceDifficulty 3 of 5

睡眠不足が続くと、大きな病気になり(  )。