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道Nihongo Path

〜がち

gachi

By Nihongo PathUpdated

Meaning

Tends to… / prone to… / often…

〜がち says that something undesirable happens often or easily: 遅刻しがちだ = tends to be late; 病気がち = sickly. It attaches to the ます stem of a verb or to a noun and works like a な-adjective (がちだ, がちな, がちに).

Speech and writing about habits, health, and tendencies. Almost always for negative tendencies: 忘れがち, 遠慮がち, 留守がち, 曇りがち, 偏りがち.

Formation

V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

  • Verb (ます stem) + がち
  • Noun + がち
  • Followed by だ / な + Noun / に + Verb

Visual diagram

がち / 気味 / やすい
AspectMeaningExample
〜がちoften happens (bad tendency)遅刻しがちだ
〜気味a slight state right now疲れ気味だ
〜やすいeasy to / likely to (neutral)壊れやすい

Natural examples

  1. 最近、仕事が忙しくて、遅刻しがちだ。

    さいきん、しごとがいそがしくて、ちこくしがちだ。

    Lately I've been busy with work and tend to be late.

    V-ます + がちだ: tends to be late.

  2. 子供の頃は病気がちだった。

    こどものころはびょうきがちだった。

    I was sickly as a child.

    N + がち + だった: was sickly.

  3. 一人暮らしだと、食事が偏りがちになる。

    ひとりぐらしだと、しょくじがかたよりがちになる。

    Living alone, your diet tends to become unbalanced.

    がちになる: becomes prone to.

  4. 冬は運動不足になりがちなので、意識して歩くようにしている。

    ふゆはうんどうぶそくになりがちなので、いしきしてあるくようにしている。

    In winter I tend to get too little exercise, so I make a point of walking.

    なりがちな + ので.

  5. 父は出張が多くて、家を留守にしがちだ。

    ちちはしゅっちょうがおおくて、いえをるすにしがちだ。

    My father travels a lot for work and is often away from home.

    留守にしがち / 留守がち.

Similar grammar and the difference

Common mistakes

  • ✗
    彼は成功しがちだ。
    ✓
    彼はよく成功する。
    Why
    がち is for undesirable tendencies; success is not.
  • ✗
    遅刻するがち
    ✓
    遅刻しがち
    Why
    Verbs attach with the ます stem.
  • ✗
    今日は風邪がちだ。(intended: slight cold today)
    ✓
    今日は風邪気味だ。
    Why
    A present slight state is 気味; がち means "often gets colds".

Almost always negative outcomes. Common: 忘れがち, 遠慮がち, 留守がち, 曇りがち. Compare 〜やすい (easy to / likely to, neutral) and 〜気味 (slight state now). Adverb form: 遠慮がちに話す (speak hesitantly).

JLPT N3 tips

On the exam

  • A negative tendency stated generally (often, tends to) = がち; a slight state right now = 気味.
  • A positive tendency rules out がち; look for another option.
  • The stem is the ます stem; 遅刻するがち is a wrong option.

Frequently asked questions

What does 〜がち mean?

Tends to… / prone to… / often…. 〜がち says that something undesirable happens often or easily: 遅刻しがちだ = tends to be late; 病気がち = sickly. It attaches to the ます stem of a verb or to a noun and works like a な-adjective (がちだ, がちな, がちに).

How do you form 〜がち?

Verb (ます stem) + がち / Noun + がち / Followed by だ / な + Noun / に + Verb. V = verb, N = noun, A = adjective.

When is 〜がち used?

Speech and writing about habits, health, and tendencies. Almost always for negative tendencies: 忘れがち, 遠慮がち, 留守がち, 曇りがち, 偏りがち.

What is the difference between 〜がち and 〜気味?

A slight present state (疲れ気味 = a bit tired now). がち is a repeated tendency.

What is the difference between 〜がち and 〜っぽい?

A quality or appearance; がち is about frequency of an action or state.

What is a common mistake with 〜がち?

Wrong: 彼は成功しがちだ。 Right: 彼はよく成功する。 がち is for undesirable tendencies; success is not.

Quick check

1 / 5Multiple choiceDifficulty 2 of 5

一人暮らしをしていると、食事が(  )だ。